FIGS

Ficus carica

A healthy well maintained fig tree in a suburban garden. This tree is pruned to a height of 3 to 4 metres. The photo was taken in the garden of a relative

Bird damage to a black fig

Black Genoa figs showing mature and green immature fruit. Fig trees are a popular plant in gardens of migrants in Australia. This photo was taken in South Australia

A mature White Genoa fig

Closeup on the inside of a White Genoa fig

The first type of fruit that came to mind on purchasing my hobby farm was the fig. We had a very large black fig growing near our house and there was never a shortage of sweet and succulent fruit throughout summer and autumn.

Extreme Survivor In Hobby Farm

I will plant a row of struck cuttings to act as a windbreak hedge for the vegetables. Being so sweet they can only be eaten in small quantities, the birds however, will have a feast during the warm weather.

These drought tolerant survivors can be pruned heavily and trained to shape. Once established, figs will tolerate extreme conditions, but fruit quality will be poor when water is lacking.

The most common type of deciduous fig in temperate climates is probably the Adriatic fig. This type does not need pollination, and is widespread as it strikes readily from cuttings. Having seen many trees growing around Melbourne I took a dozen cuttings from a healthy specimen last winter and most have struck.

A Healthy Useful Fruit Plant

Figs generally have a healthy look even when totally neglected. They will suffer a lack of water on the farm, but should carry out their function in summer by protecting tender vegetables from northerly winds. The leaves are rarely attacked by pests and diseases and will make a useful addition to the compost heap in late autumn. Fruit may be damaged in very wet or humid weather, however, the home gardener should not have to resort to chemical treatments as there is likely to be a new batch of ripening fruit in the near future.

Frost damage is not a concern in temperate climates as the dormant trees can tolerate significant cold spells-at least to minus 10 degrees centigrade. Being dormant the trees will allow light into the garden and allow winter crops to develop since they will not be competing for light and nutrients at this time.

Strong Feeder Root System

I will therefore need to ensure the feeder roots do not deplete nearby vegetables of water and nutrients during summer as figs have a strong feeder root system. I have selected the White Genoa variety as it also does well in cooler areas. If bird damage is a concern, the white varieties are less prone to attack as they blend more readily with the green foliage.

Friends have already indicated their desire to collect fruit for jams and the really keen - for drying. Keep in mind the sap will irritate the skin and care should be taken to protect the eyes. For the person keen to grow a couple of varieties on the same tree, figs are easily budded onto one year- old wood in late summer. Remember, however, to make some small cuts below the bud in order to bleed the bud site of excess sap.